Thorium and uranium isotopes in a manganese nodule from the Peru basin determined by alpha spectrometry and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS): Are manganese supply and growth related to climate?     

A. Bollhöfer  A. Eisenhauer  N. Frank  D. Pech  A. Mangini 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1996,85(3):577-585

Thorium- and uranium isotopes were measured in a diagenetic manganese nodule from the Peru basin applying alpha- and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). Alpha-counting of 62 samples was carried out with a depth resolution of 0.4 mm to gain a high-resolution²³⁰Th_excess profile. In addition, 17 samples were measured with TIMS to obtain precise isotope concentrations and isotope ratios. We got values of 0.06–0.59 ppb (²³⁰Th), 0.43–1.40 ppm (²³²Th), 0.09–0.49 ppb (²³⁴U) and 1.66–8.24 ppm (²³⁸U). The uranium activity ratio in the uppermost samples (1–6 mm) and in two further sections in the nodule at 12.5±1.0 mm and 27.3–33.5 mm comes close to the present ocean water value of 1.144±0.004. In two other sections of the nodule, this ratio is significantly higher, probably reflecting incorporation of diagenetic uranium. The upper 25 mm section of the Mn nodule shows a relatively smooth exponential decrease in the²³⁰Th_excess concentration (TIMS). The slope of the best fit yields a growth rate of 110 mm/Ma up to 24.5 mm depth. The section from 25 to 30.3 mm depth shows constant²³⁰Th_excess concentrations probably due to growth rates even faster than those in the top section of the nodule. From 33 to 50 mm depth, the growth rate is approximately 60 mm/Ma. Two layers in the nodule with distinct laminations (11–15 and 28–33 mm depth) probably formed during the transition from isotopic stage 8 to 7 and in stage 5e, respectively. The Mn/Fe ratio shows higher values during interglacials 5 and 7, and lower ones during glacials 4 and 6. A comparison of our data with data from adjacent sediment cores suggests (a) a variable supply of hydrothermal Mn to sediments and Mn nodules of the Peru basin or (b) suboxic conditions at the water sediment interface during periods with lower Mn/Fe ratios.  相似文献   

U—Series Dating of Fossil Bones：Results from Chinese Sites and Discussions on Its Reliability     

沈冠军 《中国地球化学学报》1996,15(4):303-313

Calculations,according to some open-system models,point out that while a statistically significant discrepancy between the results of two U-series methods,^230Th/^234U and ^227Th/^220Th(or ^231Pa/^235U),attests a relatively recent and important uranium migration,concordant dates cannot guarantee closes-system behavior of sample.The results of 20 fossil bones from 10 Chinese sites,19 of which are determined by two U-series methods,are given,Judging from independent age controls,8 out of the 11 concordant age sets are unacceptable,The results in this paper suggest that uranium may cycle into or out of fossil bones,such geochemical events may take place at any time and no known preserving condition may securely protect them from being affected.So for the sitew we have studied,the U-series dating of fossil bones is of limited reliability.  相似文献   

A model study on the decay of volcanic aerosol layer and verification with Pinatubo and El Chichon data     

S. Ramachandran  A. Jayaraman  B. R. Sitaram 《Journal of Earth System Science》1997,106(3):157-167

The time evolution of stratospheric aerosol layer formed after a volcanic eruption is studied taking into account the aerosol microphysical processes of growth, coagulation and sedimentation. Using a simple model we could explain the observed evolution of the Pinatubo volcanic layer which decayed in about 3 years. The experimental data obtained by Nd:YAG backscatter lidar over Ahmedabad further supports this finding. The data obtained after the El Chichon volcanic eruption also showed that the El Chichon aerosol layer decayed in about 3 years time. Thus, though the amount of SO₂ injected has been higher, in the case of Pinatubo, about two to three times more than El Chichon, it has resulted in the production of larger aerosol particles due to faster growth and coagulation processes, and subsequently a faster removal rate, to give more or less a similar background aerosol amount at the stratosphere in about 3 years time.  相似文献   

第四纪地质定年与地质年表   总被引：17，自引：3，他引：17       下载免费PDF全文

刘嘉麒  王文远 《第四纪研究》1997,17(3):193-202

时、空、质(物质)、能(动力)是研究地质过程、环境演变的基本要素，其中时间是关键．任何一个自然事件、任何一个地质过程，都与时间相关联，时间的重要性需要通过年龄的精确测量来体现。本文综述了第四纪定年的基本方法和特点以及近年来年代地层学所获得的进展，提出了中国第四纪的划分简表。  相似文献   

湖北省罗田凤凰关混合岩浅色体的类型及其锆石U-Pb年龄   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7  

邓尚贤  王江海  孙敏  常向阳 《地球化学》1997,26(2):75-86

根据混合岩浅色体的重褶、横切和叠加关系并剔除因粘性褶皱效应引起的重褶皱假象，在湖北罗田凤凰关识别出８个世代的浅色体。它们的主量、微量和稀土元素地球化学研究表明，用于锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ定年的浅色体是深熔成因的。锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ定年结果表明，在大别杂岩内存在燕山期的混合岩化作用，其时代为（１２９．３．８）Ｍａ。  相似文献   

杭州地区石笋稳定同位素古气候探索   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王兆荣  支霞臣  张汉昌 《沉积学报》1997,(1)

用１４Ｃ测年技术和稳定同位素地球化学古温度方法，对浙江省临安瑞晶洞穴的石笋进行了１４Ｃ的测年和碳、氢、氧同位素测试，获得５～１万年间杭州地区古气候演化记录、该记录表明，在５～１万年间有三次较明显的周期性古温度变化，最高温度为１４．９℃，最低温度为６．６℃，最大温差为８℃左右，平均温差３～５℃。这段时期正处在大理冰期后期，但大理冰期并不是一个持续的低温阶段，它至少有３次温度波动。与我们获得的石笋同位素古温度相一致。另外，我们将５～１万年间杭州地区古气候变化与同期东南沿海的海平面变化进行了对比，在时间上也较为吻合，也就是温度上升、海平面也上升，温度下降、海平面也随之下降  相似文献   

河北小营盘石英—碳酸盐型金矿成矿地质特征     

邱小平  潘淼 《黄金地质》1997,3(4):29-35

小营盘金矿赋存在稳定的缓倾斜石英脉中，但单纯的白色石英脉仅有微弱矿化，只有经过Ｓ懊断层剪切拉张破裂和叠加铁白云石化及硫化物蚀变的石英脉才能成为矿体，金矿体的顶底面常被铁白云石蚀变岩和糜棱岩所包裹，而且部分蚀变岩的金含量也达到工业品位，石英脉与蚀变岩作用构成矿体。因此，早期金成矿作用的时代大致与铁白云蚀变同期，含金铁白云石蚀变岩的δ＾１３Ｃ值平均为－４．１３‰，Ｐｂ－Ｐｂ等时线年龄为２７１１±２３８  相似文献   

北秦岭德河黑云二长花岗片麻岩体的成岩时代--TIMS和SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素年代学   总被引：17，自引：6，他引：17  

陈志宏陆松年  李怀坤宋彪李惠民  相振群 《地质通报》2004,23(2):136-141

德河黑云母二长花岗片麻岩体侵位于秦岭造山带北秦岭前寒武纪变质岩系内,遭受了强烈的变形作用改造,具有典型S型花岗岩的矿物组成特征。TIMS和SHRIMP法锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定结果分别为(964.4±5.2)Ma和(943±18)Ma,两者在误差范围内是一致的。鉴于SHRIMP法锆石微区测年具有更好的代表性,建议以(943±18)Ma代表德河黑云母二长花岗片麻岩的侵位时代。  相似文献   

湖北蕲春花岗岩类锆石SHRIMP年龄：大别山造山带内弱变质—未变质晋宁期花岗岩类的发现   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

薛怀民  刘敦一  董树文  简平  刘晓春 《地质学报》2004,78(1):81-88

蕲春花岗质杂岩体包括斑状二长花岗岩和花岗岩两部分,它们之间在化学性质上存在着很大的差异,前者表现为高Al 2O3(15.73%)、相对高CaO(2.46%)、Na2O含量明显高于K2O(Na2O/K2O=1.27),尤以强烈亏损重稀土元素和极强的轻、重稀土元素分馏程度[(La/Yb)N=46.8]为特征而类似于太古宙高Al2O3的TTG岩石.而后者则以较低的Al2O3含量(14.05%)、贫CaO(0.82%)、K2O含量明显高于Na2O(Na2O/K2O=0.81)为特征,轻、重稀土元素的分馏程度[(La/Yb)N=10.89]也较片麻状二长花岗岩中弱得多.两类岩石中锆石的U-PbSHRIMP年龄分别为824.6±17.6 Ma和784±20 Ma,该时代与大别山造山带内花岗片麻岩的原岩形成年龄类似.大别山造山带内弱变质-未变质晋宁期花岗岩的出现表明扬子板块印支期向北俯冲时,该花岗质杂岩处于俯冲板片的后缘,可代表造山带内扬子基底的原地露头.而岩体周围的高压变质杂岩应是折返上来的无根构造岩片,大别山造山带内高压超高压变质杂岩的出露不是整体性抬升剥蚀的结果.  相似文献   

长江中下游地区铜金（钼）矿Re-Os年龄测定及其对成矿作用的指示   总被引：123，自引：16，他引：123       下载免费PDF全文

毛景文  Holly STEIN  杜安道  周涛发  梅燕雄  李永峰  藏文栓  李进文 《地质学报》2004,78(1):121-131

长江中下游是中国东部一个重要的Cu-Au-Fe-Mo矿成矿带。笔者等在5个夕卡岩-斑岩Cu-Au-Mo矿区采集了11件辉钼矿样品,在铜陵地区大团山层控夕卡岩Cu-Au-Mo矿体采集了5件辉钼矿样品进行Re-Os同位素年龄测定。在对16件样品进行ICP-MS方法测定的同时,还利用NTIMS方法对其中9件样品进行了精测,两种方法测定的结果基本吻合。16件辉钼矿的Re-Os同位素模式年龄为134.7±2.3～143.7±1.6Ma(2σ)。其中大团山铜矿区的5件样品的模式年龄更为接近,分布范围为 138.0± 3.2～140.8±2.0 Ma,平均 139.3±2.6Ma,其等时线年龄为 139.1±2.7Ma,初始Os为0.7±8.1(MSWD=0.29)。这些结果清楚地反映出夕卡岩-斑岩Cu-Au-Fe-Mo矿床与层控夕卡岩Cu-Au-Mo矿床为同一时代形成,属于同一成矿系统。作为中国东部大规模成矿作用的组成部分,长江中下游地区铜钼金矿床的形成与岩石圈构造体制大转换之地球动力学事件相耦合,为中生代第二期大规模成矿作用的产物。  相似文献